中文摘要：

在在 prosome 长度并且在对环境因素的种类反应的种类之中的差别确实存在。因此，在可变环境为不同桡脚类的动物种类检验 prosome 长度是有用的。在在 Jiaozhou 海湾的四个小桡脚类的动物和他们的 copepodite 阶段的 prosome 长度的季节的变化被比较，温度，咸度，和叶绿素集中的相对影响被检验。二座山峰在 Paracalanus parvus 的吝啬的 prosome 长度被发现(在早冬季和 5 月) 。为 Acartia bifilosa，所有 copepodites 的最大的价值主要从 2 月发生了到 4 月，并且在 7 月减少了到底部。当它首先出现在 6 月时， Acartia pacifica 的 Prosome 长度达到顶点，然后在 7 月到达了到最小。Parvocalanus crassirostris 仅仅从迟了的夏天出现了到秋天，吝啬的 prosome 长度没显示出清楚的变化。有环境因素的成年 prosome 长度的关联被评估。为四种，温度否定地除了 P 被相关到 prosome 长度。crassirostris。但是不同种类在他们的 responds 显著地变化了到温度。A。bifilosa 比 P 与温度显示出尺寸变化的一个更明确的趋势。parvus 和 A。pacifica。有咸度的 prosome 长度的关联为几乎所有小桡脚类的动物是显著地积极的。在叶绿素集中和 prosome 长度之间的关系为这些桡脚类的动物是复杂的，要不是 P。parvus，叶绿素集中也是一个重要影响因素。而且，调查需要为一些桡脚类的动物在食物质量上被做。这些结果是必要的估计生物资源和生产，并且在这个影响人的海湾理解这些小桡脚类的动物人口动力学。

英文摘要：

Differences among species in prosome length and in species＇ response to environmental factors do exist. Therefore, it is useful to examine prosome length for different copepod species in variable environments. Seasonal variations in prosome length of four small copepods and their copepodite stages in the Jiaozhou Bay were compared and the relative influence of temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll concentration were examined. Two peaks were found in the mean prosome length ofParacalanus parvus （in early winter and May）. For Acartia bifilosa, the maximum values of all copepodites occurred mainly from February to April, and decreased to the bottom in July. Prosome length ofAcartia pacifica peaked when it first appeared in June, then reached to the minimum in July. Parvocalanus crassirostris only appeared from late summer to autumn and the mean prosome length showed no clear changes. Correlations of adult prosome length with environmental factors were evaluated. For the four species, temperature was negatively correlated to prosome length except for P. crassirostris. But the different species varied markedly in their responds to temperature. A. bifilosa showed a more definite trend of size variation with temperature than P. parvus and A. pacifica. Correlations of prosome length with salinity were significantly positive for almost all the small copepods. The relationship between chlorophyll concentration and prosome length was complicated for these copepods, but for P. parvus, chlorophyll concentration was also an important affecting factor. Furthermore, investigation needs to be done on food quality for some copepod. These results are essential to estimate the biomass and the production, and to understand these small copepods＇ population dynamics in this human-affected bay.