中文摘要：

根据2004年1-12月用浅水Ⅰ型和浅水Ⅱ型浮游生物网在胶州湾进行的每月一次垂直拖网采集的浮游动物样品，分析了胶州湾浮游动物的种类组成。调查结果表明，在胶州湾出现的浮游动物共81个种，春、夏季的种类数多于秋、冬季，湾北部的种类数少且年内波动大，湾南部、湾口和湾外种类数多且年内波动小。胶州湾浮游动物优势种为双刺纺锤水蚤（Acartia bifilosa）、小拟哲水蚤（Paracalanus parvus）、太平洋纺锤水蚤（Acartia pacifica）、中华哲水蚤（Calanus sinicus）、拟长腹剑水蚤（OithDno similis）、短角长腹剑水蚤（O.brevicornis）、近缘大眼剑水蚤（Corycaeus affinis）、异体住囊虫（Oikopleura dioica）、强壮箭虫（Sagitta crassa）、八斑芮氏水母（Rathkea octopunctata）和小介穗水母（Podocoryne minima）等。从个体大小上来看，体长〈1mm的浮游动物丰度最大。与历史资料的比较显示，2004年胶州湾水母类比90年代同期增加15种，八斑芮氏水母成为冬季优势种。海区比较显示，胶州湾浮游动物的种类组成与渤海相似，与黄海有所不同。

英文摘要：

Zooplankton, as a connecting link between phytoplankton and fish, plays a vital role in a marine ecosystem and can be used as an indicator of ecosystem dynamics. The Jiaozhou Bay is a small bay, which is sensible to climate changes and has been notably affected by human activities, inducing industrial development and use of chemical fertilization, especially in aquaculture. Being fundamental data in marine ecosystem research, issues of zooplankton species, species dominancy and distribution, and seasonal change impact on them are presented in this paper. Sampling was conducted in 22 stations, of which 9 were sampled monthly and 4 every 10 days from January 2004 to December 2004. As the result, 81 zooplankton species have been recognized, 11 were dominant species： Acartia bifilosa, Calanus sinicus, Paracalanus parvus, Acartia pacifica, Corycaeus affinis, Oithona similis, O. brevicornis, Oikopleura dioica, Sagitta crassa, Rathkea octopunctata, and Podocoryne minima. The number of species was greater in spring-summer than autumn-winter. Small body-sized species （〈1mm in body length） dominated all over the year. Acartia bifilosa was the most dominant specie from April to June, and Paracalanus parvus was most dominant in other months. In shellfish aquaculture area, soecies composition was simple and most of them were small cnes. Historical data show that the zooplankton spectrum did not change much in the last 30 years, except for the increase in jellyfish species, of which 15 species were new-seen in the recent years, and Rathkea octopunctata became winter dominant species. In overall, the species composition in the Jiaozhou Bay is similar to that of the Bohai Sea, but differs from that of the Yellow Sea.