中文摘要：

目的了解慢性HBV感染者家族隐匿性HBV感染的发生率及其与HBV标志物、年龄和性别等的关系。方法ELISA方法检测慢性HBV感染者家族成员的HBV血清学标志物，套式PCR法检测136例HBsAg阴性家族成员的血清HBVDNA，并将隐匿性HBV感染者和HBsAg、HBVDNA均阴性者分别作为试验组和对照组进行HBV标志物、年龄、性别和生物化学检测结果的比较。两组均数比较采用t检验，率的比较采用x。检验或Fisher确切概率法检验。结果在52个慢性HBV感染者家族中共检测到92例HBsAg阳性者和136例HBsAg阴性者，其中15例为隐匿性HBV感染者，慢性HBV感染者家族HBsAg阳性率和隐匿性HBV感染的发生率分别为40．4％和11．0%，15例隐匿性HBV感染者中有7例抗-HBc阳性（x2=5．341，P=0．02），但隐匿性HBV感染的存在与年龄、性别等无关。结论HBV感染存在家庭聚集现象，且在其家族中存在隐匿性HBV感染，并在抗-HBc阳性者中发生率较高。

英文摘要：

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection and HBV markers, age,gender in family members of chronic hepatitis B virus infections. Methods Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） method was used for detection of HBV markers in serum samples of family members of chronic hepatitis B virus infections. HBV DNA was detected by nested polymerase chain reaction （PCR） in the serum samples of 136 family members with hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） negative. Age, gender, positive rates of HBV markers and biochemical results were compared between family members with occult HBV infection and those negative for both HBsAg and HBV DNA. Comparison between two groups was done by t test, and rate comparison was done by chi square test or Fisher＇ s exact test. Results Ninety~two HBsAg positive subjects and 136 HBsAg negative subjects were found in 52 families of chronic hepatitis B virus infections. Among HBsAg negative subjects, 15 were diagnosed with occult HBV infection. HBsAg positive rate and prevalence of occult HBV infection in family members of chronic hepatitis B virus infections were 40.4 % and 11.0 %, respectively. Seven out of 15 occult HBV infection patients were anti-HBc positive （x2=5. 34,P=0.02）. The presence of occult HBV infection was not related with age or gender. Conclusions It indicates that HBV infection shows characteristic of family clustering. Occuh HBV infections exist in the families of chronic hepatitis B virus infections with a higher incidence in hepatitis B core antibody （anti-HBc） positive subjects.