中文摘要：

为了准确把握河南省农田化肥施用对生态环境的潜在威胁，防治化肥面源污染，通过环境风险评价模型对河南省化肥施用强度地理分布特征进行分析，并对其环境风险进行评价。结果表明，河南省18个地级市普遍存在农田化肥施用过量的问题，环境污染风险较大，平均风险程度为中等，其中有8个地级市风险程度为严重，10个地级市风险程度为中等。氮、磷、钾3种肥料的面源污染中，氮肥和钾肥污染风险程度为中等，磷肥污染风险程度为严重。河南省氮、磷、钾比例总体基本合理，但化肥施用强度区域差异大，分布规律比较明显。豫西地区化肥施用强度相对较低，而豫北地区化肥施用强度较高。化肥施用强度最高的是新乡市，为1240．40kg／hm^2，是最低的三门峡市（588．33kg／hm^2）的2．1倍。

英文摘要：

In order to correctly understand the potential threats of chemical fertilizer to environment in Henan province and prevent chemical fertilizer pollution,model of environmental risk assessment was used to analyze the distribution of chemical fertilizer application rate and assess the environmental risk. The results showed that chemical fertilizer was overused in 18 cities,resulting in great potential risk to environment, the average risk to environment was at moderate level. In the 18 cities,there were 8 cities in serious environmental risk state, 10 cities in moderate environmental risk state; nitrogen（N） and potassium（K） posed moderate risks to environment,phosphorus（P） posed serious risk to environment. The proportion of N,P, K was basically reasonable, but there were greats differences in chemical fertilizer application rate among different regions in Henan province. The chemical fertilizer application rates in the north of Henan province were highest, especially Xinxiang city （1 240.40 kg/ha）; the chemical fertilizer application rates in the south of Henan province was lowest, especially Sanmenxia city （588.33 kg/ha）.