中文摘要：

以松属5种代表树种日本五针松、华山松、白皮松、油松和赤松为研究对象，比较了它们针叶的形态特征、光合速率和叶绿素快相荧光动力学方面的异同．结果表明：5种松树的针叶形态特征存在显著差异，油松的针叶长度和密度最大；白皮松的叶绿素含量最高；但赤松的光合速率最大，日本五针松的光合速率最小．5种松树针叶的光合速率与气孔导度呈正相关．5种松树的叶绿素快速荧光诱导动力学曲线的差异主要表现在J相和I相．尽管5种松树光系统II（PSII）最大光化学效率（Fv／Fm）、潜在光化学活性（Fv／F。）以及到达最大荧光所需的时间（％）差异不显著，但日本五针松的反应中心关闭净速率dV／dt。和dVG／dt。以及J相和I相的相对可变荧光强度（K和K）显著大于其他4种松树，能量分配比率砂。显著低于其他4种松树．这可能与日本五针松的质体醌库大小（Sm）、质体醌库还原速率（Sm／Tfm）和质体醌A（Qa）的周转次数（N）最小有关．日本五针松的性能指数P，（ABS/CSo/CSM）和光合驱动力（DF）均显著低于其他4种松树，而赤松Pj和DF最高．其中PI（Cso）和PI（csm）与5种松树的净光合速率呈显著正相关，可以作为评价松树光合能力的荧光指标．

英文摘要：

A comparative study was made on the needle morphological characteristics, photosynthet- ic rate, and chlorophyll fast fluorescence induction curves of five representative Pinus species P. parvifiora, P. armandii, P. bungeana, P. tabuliformis, and P. densiflora. Significant differences were observed in the needle morphological characteristics among the five species. P. tabullformis had the longest needle length and highest needle density, whereas P. bungeana had the highest chlorophyll content. P. densiflora and P. parvifiora had the maximum and minimum photosynthetic rate, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance across the five species. The differences in the chlorophyll fast fluorescence induction curves of the five species were mainly manifested in J-step and I-step. Although the five species had similar values of Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo and Tfm, P. parvifiora had significantly higher values of dV/dto, dVG/dto, Vj and Vi, but lower energy flux ratio ~/＇o, ~Eo and ~Ro, compared with the other four spe- cies. The low PSII activity and efficiency of P. parvifiora might relate to its smallest Sm, Sm/Tfm and N. P. densiflora and P. parvifiora had the maximum and minimum vitality indices PI（ABS/CSo/CSm） and DF, respectively, and there existed significant positive correlations between the PI（cso） and PI（csm） and the net photosynthetic rate of the five species, suggesting that PI（cso） and PI（csm） could be used to estimate the photosynthetic activity of Pinus trees.