中文摘要：

以上海市26个公园绿地中2014年8月至2015年8月采集的104件小羽藓样品为研究对象,分析样品中15种微量元素含量,结合地统计和GIS技术方法,对重金属元素在小羽藓中含量的时空分布特征进行了探究.结果表明,15种微量元素在苔藓体内富集明显.相关性分析表明,Al、Ba、Ca、Cr、Cu、Fe、Hg、Mg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sr和Zn两两都具有显著的相关性（P〈0.05）,K和Na元素存在显著相关性（P〈0.05）;主成分分析进一步表明,小羽藓重金属元素主要来源于工业活动与交通污染,也受到地表扬尘和海盐气溶胶的影响.小羽藓重金属含量在季节上主要表现为冬季〉秋季〉夏季〉春季,随生长周期不断积累;与上世纪80年代相比Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr含量显著增大,近年来呈现降低趋势.采用克里金插值法对小羽藓中典型重金属做空间分布表明,Hg、Pb、Fe、Cr、Cu等呈现以中心城区和工业区为高值区,市郊为低值区的格局,Al元素呈现污染范围广的特征;Cu、Pb、Cr高值区域与2005年相比存在一定的差异,无论是污染范围还是污染程度均明显高于上世纪80年代.

英文摘要：

This research investigated the temporal and spatial distribution of trace elements in urban environmental media. The contents of 15 trace elements in Haplocladium of urban parks in Shanghai were analyzed by geostatistical and GIS methods,which indicate that these elements were remarkably enriched in Haplocladium. Correlation analysis suggested that Al,Ba,Ca,Cr,Cu,Fe,Hg,Mg,Mn,Ni,Pb,Sr and Znwere significantly correlated with each other（ P0.05） and K had significant correlation with Na（ P 0. 05）. The principal component analysis showed that the heavy metals in Haplocladium were derived primarily from industrial activities and transportation,with fugitive dust and marine aerosols having some effects. The order of metal content in Haplocladium was： spring summerwinterautumn. In addition,the result of kriging interpolation on typical heavy metals such as Hg,Pb,Fe,Cr and Cu demonstrated that the pollution level was higher in the central area and industrial parks,but lower in the suburbs. However,the interpolation on Al showed the pollution of Al spread widely in the study area. Compared with 2005,the spatial distribution of Cu,Pb,Zn,and Cr was different from each other,and the extent and range of pollution were higher than 1980 s.