中文摘要：

供求系统防护资源分配问题旨在制定合理的防护策略,以减小外界破坏带来的损失。对于基于p-中位模型的供求系统来说,一类经典的防护资源分配方法是建立并求解双层规划模型,进而得到防护策略。双层主从规划问题是个典型的NP难解问题,因此这类方法不易有效地对大规模案例进行求解。通过分析供求网络运行机制,发现导致防护资源分配问题求解困难的关键因素是再分配环节。故基于该环节建立了供求系统的分级网络框架,在该框架下提出一种防护资源分配方法。实验证明,该方法能够给出合理的防护资源分配策略,且与传统方法相比耗时显著缩短。

英文摘要：

The fortification resources allocation of supply systems aims at making rational protective strate- gies to reduce the system losses caused by external disruptions. For supply systems based on the p-median model, a typical kind of fortification resources allocation approaches is to make protective strategies through building and solving a bilevel programming model. The bilevel programming has been proved to be strongly NP-hard, thus it is not easy for the typical approaches to solve the instances with a large scale efficiently. According to the analysis of the operation mechanism of supply chain networks, the critical process which brings difficulties to solving resources allocation problems is identified as the reassignment process. Based on the reassignment process, a hierarchical-network framework is constructed. According to this framework, a new protective ap- proach is proposed. Experimental results show that, comparing with traditional approaches, the new approach can make rational protective plans and the computational time is dramatically reduced.