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中文摘要：
基于谐波叠加法,用Kaimal谱生成空旷场地的脉动风速时程,将脉动风速时程作为流场CFD模拟的速度入口。采用分离涡模型模拟脉动风场并用离散相模拟雨滴颗粒,通过风雨耦合的CFD模型,获得雨滴落在输电塔各高度处的雨滴速度以及时间,并依据冲量定理和冲量等效原则,提出了任一时距的平均雨荷载计算方法。以176m高的输电塔为例,计算出作用在输电塔上以0.25s为时距的平均雨荷载。研究了水平风速和降雨强度对平均雨荷载的影响,结果显示：水平平均雨荷载随水平风速和降雨强度的增加而增加,但水平平均雨荷载与风荷载的比值沿高度增加而递减;尽管单粒雨滴荷载较大,但作用时间只有大约1×10-5s,依据冲量等效原则计算得出在一定时距内的平均雨荷载较小;对于本文算例,平均雨荷载与平均风荷载的比值不超过2.6%。
英文摘要：
Based on harmonic wave superimposing method and Kaimal spectral,the time history of fluctuating wind in open site was generated and then used as the velocity inlet for CFD flow field simulation.Fluctuating wind field and raindrops were respectively simulated by detached eddy model and discrete phase model.Using wind-rain coupling CFD model,hitting velocity and time of raindrops at different heights of transmission towers can be obtained.According to the impulse theorem and the impulse equivalence principle,a method for calculating rain load averaged over any time interval was proposed.Take a 176m high transmission tower as case,rain load averaged over 0.25s was calculated.The influence of horizontal wind speed and rain intensity on mean rain load are as follows： horizontal mean rain load increases with wind speed and rain intensity,while the ration of rain load to wind load decreases with the increment of height.Although single raindrops can induce considerable rain load,this load would last only about 10-5s.Thus,rain load averaged over a certain time interval is rather small by use of the impulse equivalence principle.For the case of a 176m high transmission tower,the ration of mean rain load to mean wind load is no more than 2.6%.
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