中文摘要：

土壤作为自然界的重要组成部分之一,对生态系统的形成和人类的生存均起着绝对不可忽视的作用,故对于土壤热红外偏振辐射特性的研究,具有十分重要的现实意义。而且,关于土壤在2π空间内的偏振热辐射特性的研究,国内外还未见报道。研究结果表明：随着探测角的改变,土壤的偏振亮度温度在0°～80°范围内呈现非线性变化,当探测角的变化范围为60°～80°时,其偏振亮度温度随着探测角的增大而呈现明显的上升趋势;不同方位角条件下,土壤的偏振亮度温度会发生改变,在0°～240°范围内,随着方位角的增大而呈现上升趋势,在240°～320°范围内,呈现下降趋势;波段和偏振角对于土壤的偏振亮度温度的变化均具有一定的影响,而且二者的变化曲线的波动幅度都较为平缓;不同土壤类型的偏振辐射亮度温度不同,呈现草甸黑土〉淋溶黑钙土〉典型黑钙土〉草甸风沙土的规律。以上研究为热红外偏振遥感基础理论研究提供重要依据。

英文摘要：

As an important content of the nature, soil has great influence on the formation of ecological system and human life. Therefore, the study of soil＇s polarized thermal radiation characteristics has great practical significance. There have been few re- ports about the study of the polarized radiation characteristics of the soil in 2n space. The results showed that the polarized brightness temperature performed nonlinearly as the change of detection angles between 0° to 80°. However, polarized brightness temperature increased greatly when the detection angle changed from 60° to 80°. It also changed under different azimuth angles. The polarized brightness temperature increased as the growth of the azimuth angles in the range of 0° to 240°, but its tendency was opposite in the range between 240° and 320°. The channels and polarized angles both influenced the polarized brightness temperature. Their amplitudes of fluctuation of their own curves were gentle and the temperatures of different agrotype were various. The order was Meadow Soil〉Leached Chernozem〉Chernozem〉Aeolian Soil. These results provide significant foundation to the study about the basic theory of thermal infrared polarization remote sensing.