中文摘要：

目的：以去卵巢大鼠为研究对象,通过动物实验观察不同负重强度游泳运动对去势大鼠骨密度、骨矿物质含量及骨生物力学指标的变化,以探讨运动对骨质疏松症的治疗机制。方法：取10月龄雌性SD大鼠50只,随机分为A假手术安静组（正常对照组）、B模型安静组（实验对照组）、C低强度运动组、D中强度运动组、E高强度运动组,每组10只。除假手术组外,其余各组大鼠均行双侧卵巢切除术,假手术组按相同手术方法操作,但不切除卵巢。术后第10周分别给予游泳训练共12周。观察12周后不同负荷强度运动对各组大鼠右侧股骨骨密度及骨矿物质含量的变化,并取左侧股骨,进行骨生物力学指标检测。结果：游泳运动组大鼠股骨骨密度显著高于模型组（P〈0.05）,与假手术组比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。中强度运动组最大应力、断裂应力均明显优于模型组;各组最大伸长无显著差异。结论：适宜强度的游泳运动能明显抑制去势大鼠股骨骨密度及骨钙矿物质含量的降低及对大鼠的骨生物力学指标有良性调整作用。

英文摘要：

After ovariectomized rats were given different load intensity swimming training,bone mineral density and biomechanical changes of indices were studied to investigate the movement of the therapeutic mechanism of osteoporosis.Fifty ten months old female SD rats were randomly divided into A quiet sham group（control group）,B model quiet group（experimental group）,C low-intensity exercise group,D intensity exercise group,E high-intensity exercise group,and ten in each group.In addition to sham group,the remaining rats underwent bilateral ovariectomy.Sham surgery group was given the same method of operation without ovariectomy.After ten weeks,they were given swimming training for 12 weeks.Different loads on right femur bone mineral density in rats were observed.Left femur was abstracted from for the bone biomechanical properties detection.It was shown that BMD of swimming rats was significantly higher than the model group（P0.05）.Compared with sham group,the differences were not statistically significant（P0.05）.Maximum stress,fracture stress of intensity exercise group was significantly better than the model group.No significant differences were seen between maximum elongation in each group.It could be concluded that appropriate intensity of swimming exercise could obviously inhibit the femur in ovariectomized rats reduced bone mineral density and bone biomechanics in rats to adjust the role of positive indicators.