中文摘要：

超滤是一种重要的饮用水安全保障技术,在饮用水处理工业中具有广泛应用的前景.但是膜污染会造成超滤工艺的运行维护成本增加、膜使用寿命缩短,限制超滤工艺的进一步推广应用.总结了超滤膜污染和膜前预处理以缓解膜污染研究的前沿动态,对主要膜污染物质、膜污染机理以及膜前预处理对膜污染的影响机制进行了深入的分析,认为天然水中亲水性大分子有机物是主要的膜污染物质,而混凝、吸附和预氧化等膜前预处理都无法消除亲水性大分子有机物引起的膜污染.引起滤饼层污染、膜孔堵塞污染和膜孔内吸附污染等膜污染形式的力学因素研究将是膜污染机制研究的重要方向;开展膜前预处理技术和组合研究,强化亲水性大分子有机物膜污染的缓解是膜前预处理研究的发展趋势.

英文摘要：

Ultrafiltration as an important water treatment technology has been broadly applied in the drinking water treatment industry.However,the membrane fouling would enlarge the operation cost and shorten membrane life span,limiting its further application.This paper summarized the recent progress in the studies on the ultrafiltration membrane fouling including main foulants identification,fouling mechanism and various pretreatment technologies.It was widely considered that the hydrophilic macromolecular organic in natural water was the major membrane pollutant.The pretreatment technologies such as coagulation,adsorption and membrane pre-oxidation pretreatment were unable to solve the problem of membrane fouling caused by hydrophilic organic macromolecules.The understanding of internal mechanism leading to the pore blocking,pore construction and cake layer fouling was limited and require further studies.Overall,it is of great significance to develop the hybrid process on pre-treatment of fouling by the hydrophilic and macromolecular organic matter for drinking water treatment using ultrafiltration.