中文摘要：

为了解决膜蒸馏分离过程中聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）膜通量低的问题,构建了超声场强化膜蒸馏反应器,并对膜分离工艺进行了研究。结果表明,当原水流经中空纤维膜壳程时,诸如空化、声冲流等超声效应能有效增大传质驱动力、减缓含量极化现象并提高膜蒸馏通量,其传质过程得到强化,实验范围内的PTFE膜通量可提高30%以上;原水流经中空纤维膜管程时,由于冷侧声能量高过热侧,故造成传质推动力下降,进而导致膜通量有一定程度的下降,相对通量降低了3.2%。低频高功率超声场、低温与低流速浓盐水比较有利于提高超声场强化传质效果。

英文摘要：

To solve the problem that the permeate flux of PTFE membrane is low in membrane distillation process,the experimental research on ultrasonic enhanced direct contact membrane distillation was carried out. The results indicated that ultrasonic irradiation obviously enhanced mass transfer when the feed flowed through the shell side of the membrane module,which was due to higher driving force and alleviation of concentration polarization by the acoustic effect such as cavitation and acoustic streaming. The permeate flux was increased more than 30% in the experiment. When the feed flowed inside PTFE hollow fiber membrane,the relative flux decreased by 3.2%. It was caused by reduction of the driving force owing to higher acoustic energy in the permeate side. The effect of ultrasonic enhanced mass transfer was improved by decreasing high-power ultrasonic frequency,solution temperature and flow rate.