中文摘要：

子宫内膜异位症是指子宫内膜腺体和基质种植于子宫有腔以外的雌激素依赖性疾病，在育龄妇女中的发病率为10%-20%。雌激素介导多条信号转导通路，其中丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK）信号通路在促异位内膜间质细胞增殖，促炎症因子生成和促血管生成等方面均起到了非常重要的作用，可能直接参与子宫内膜异位症发生发展过程的调控。

英文摘要：

Endometriosis （EM） is an estrogen-dependent disease characterized by extrauterine implantation and ectopic growth of endometrium. The occurrence rate in women of childbearing age is 10%-20%. Estrogen mediates multiple signaling transduction pathways, including MAPK （mitogen activated protein kinase） pathway, which plays important roles in stimulating the proliferation of endometriotic stromal cell, the production of inflammatory factor and the neovascularization. In this paper, we review the relationship between MAPK signaling pathway and the pathogenesis of endometriosis to better understand the mechanism of endometriosis.