中文摘要：

目的研究大鼠髁状突形成和发育过程，以及凋亡相关因子（Fas）和一氧化氮（NO）凋亡途径在其发育中作用。方法收集胎鼠及幼鼠的颞下颌关节标本，通过苏木精-伊红染色、原位末端脱氧核糖昔酞转移酶分析法（TUNEL）和Fas及诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）免疫组化检测髁状突发育特征。结果胚胎15．5d时髁状突和关节窝已基本出现，胚胎17．5d时髁状突出现完整的软骨细胞分层和软骨内成骨，胚胎19．5d时出现清晰的关节盘，各期均可见凋亡的软骨细胞，凋亡细胞在关节软骨表层细胞中所占比例高于深层细胞，Fas阳性细胞分布大致同凋亡细胞，而iNOS阳性细胞较少，主要分布在肥大层。结论髁状突的发育与软骨细胞凋亡密切相关，Fas和NO凋亡途径在其发育中均起到一定作用。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the procedure of formation and development of condyle, and the effect of Fas and NO apoptosis pathway on its development. Methods Condyle of rat fetuses and postnatal rats were observed by HE, TUNEL and hnmunocytochemistry of Fas and iNOS. Results Condyle and glenoid fossa were recognized at E15.5 d, differentiation of chondrcyte and endochondral ossification were observed at E17.5 d, and joint disc was formed before E19.5 d. Apoptosis, Fas and iNOS positive cells existed throughout the development of condyle, and apoptosis cells were relatively more in the superficial condyle chondrocytes and and iNOS positive cells mainly existed in the hypertrophic layer. Conclusion Apoptosis regulated by NO and Fas beth play an important role in the development of condyle.