中文摘要：

目的研究大鼠生长发育过程中颅底细胞的增殖和凋亡现象，探讨颅底生长发育的变化规律。方法选用出生后4d、8d、16d、32d、48d、64d及128d的SD大鼠，取颅底软骨联合组织，行增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）免疫组织化学染色标记增殖细胞，末端脱核苷酸转移酶介导的缺口末端标记技术（TUNEL法）标记凋亡细胞，比较观察不同时间段大鼠颅底的细胞增殖和凋亡的表达情况。结果在出生后4d、8d及16d的大鼠可见大量的PCNA阳性细胞存在于软骨联合区，而32d、48d、64d及128d大鼠的软骨联合区仅有少量的PCNA阳性细胞，而在软骨联合区两侧的骨小梁之间的PCNA阳性细胞较多。在出生后4d、8d的大鼠软骨联合的肥大区，交界区发现少数细胞凋亡现象；而在出生后16d、32d、48d及64d的大鼠颅底软骨联合组织的肥大区、交界区和两侧的骨小梁之间发现较多散在的黄色荧光凋亡细胞，并随时间推移凋亡细胞逐渐增多；但在128d的大鼠又几乎未见凋亡细胞。结论在大鼠颅底生长发育过程中，细胞增殖和凋亡存在特定的时空变化规律。

英文摘要：

Objective To study apoptosis and proliferation in the synchondrosis growth plate during cranial base development in rats, and to find the rule of the cranial base development. Methods SPF grade SD male rats were divided into seven groups. Synchondroses were studied by dTdT mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） and immunohistochemical S-ABC method. Results Many PCNA positive chondrocytes were found in synchondroses of P4, P8 and P16, while fewer PCNA positive cells were found in P32, P48, P64 and P128. There were no TUNEL positive chondrocytes in P4 and P8, but a few TUNEL positive cells were found in P16. And there were mere positive cells in the P32, P48 and P64. In P128, the result was negative. Conclusion Apoptosis and proliferation participate in the development of the cranial base.