中文摘要：

如今，抗血小板药和抗凝药已应用于各种心血管疾病，如房颤和冠状动脉疾病等。临床研究显示，心血管疾病患者伴发胃肠道恶性肿瘤的发病率较高。另外，在应用抗血栓药物的患者中，粪便隐血试验（FOBT）阳性提高了早期检出结直肠肿瘤的敏感性。这说明抗血栓药物可能有助于发现心血管疾病患者中未被察觉的胃肠道恶性肿瘤。虽然目前没有确切的证据证明积极的胃肠道筛查可以降低心血管疾病患者的癌症死亡率，但是，在多重抗血栓药物应用时代，当心血管疾病患者出现不可解释的贫血、胃肠道症状或FOBT阳性时，及时做胃肠道筛查有助于发现伴发的胃肠道恶性肿瘤。

英文摘要：

Nowadays, antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs have been applied to a variety of cardiovas- cular diseases, such as atrial fibrillation and coronary artery disease. Several clinical studies show that there is a higher prevalence of gastrointestinal cancers in patients with cardiovascular disease. In addition, in patients taking antithrombotic drugs, positive fecal occult blood test （FOBT） improves the sensitivity for early detection of colorectal malignancies. This suggests that antithrombotic drugs may facilitate the detection of unrecognized cancers in patients with cardiovascular disease. However, there is no established evidence concerning whether more aggressive gastrointestinal tract screening will reduce the mortality of cancer in cardiology patients. But in an era of multiple antithrombotic drug usage, when patients appear unexplained anemia, gastrointestinal symp- toms or positive FOBT, timely gastrointestinal tract screening is helpful to find concomitanted malignancies in these patients.