中文摘要：

能源利用效率是制约我国经济社会可持续发展的关键因素。本文以工业部门2003年至2010年38个行业的面板数据为样本，运用随机前沿方法对各行业的技术效率进行测定和比较，并对各行业的节能潜力进行了分析。研究发现，资本密集型行业的能源利用效率最高，其次是劳动密集型行业，资源密集型行业的能源利用效率最低。各行业能源效率都有提高的趋势，节能潜力因行业而异。针对不同行业的节能潜力，政府应采取不同的节能激励政策。本研究可以为识别行业节能潜力差异性和提高能源效率的政策制定提供参考，进一步促进能源利用技术效率提高和经济的可持续发展。

英文摘要：

Based on the panel data of 38 industries from 2003 to 2010, this paper measures the technology efficiency of each industry with stochastic frontier approach. Results find that the technology efficiency of 20 industries in the sample is above average level, with high efficiency of energy utilization, and the technology of the other 18 industries is lower than the average level, the efficiency of energy utilization remains to be improved. This study provides a method to measure the technology efficiency of energy utilization technology, which further promotes the sustainable development of energy utilization and economy.