中文摘要：

为了对微波元器件和无线系统的前端进行表征，矢量网络分析仪 （ vector network analyzer, VNA）、非线性矢量网络分析仪（ nonlinear vector network analyzer, NVNA）和大信号网络分析仪（ large siginal network analyzer, LSNA）是最为常用的频域测量平台，对其测量结果的不确定度分析是仪器与计量领域中当前研究的热点之一。根据这3种仪器的测量原理和校准理论，首次归纳出了此类频域测量平台的不确定度传播规律，并针对“多频点、多变量、复量值”测量条件下变量间的高度相关性，提出了一种通用的基于协方差矩阵的不确定度分析方法及流程。在国产VNA产品和自主构建的NVNA原型样机上对脉冲信号的测量实验表明，该方法与忽略互相关信息的不确定度分析结果存在显著差异，其有效性和准确性可以通过Monte Carlo仿真得到验证。

英文摘要：

To characterize microwave devices and wireless system front-ends, VNA （vector metwork analyzer）, NVNA（ nonlinear vector netrwork analyzer）and LSNA （larger siginal netwrok analyzer）are the most commonly used frequency-domain measurement platforms. The uncertainty analysis for VNA, NVNA and LSNA measurement results is one of the research hotspots in instrumentation and metrology field. According to the measurement principles and calibration theories of these instruments, for the first time this paper gives the uncertainty propagation law for these platforms; and aiming at the high correlation among quantities under the situation of ＂multi-frequency, multi-variable and complex-valued＂ measurements, this paper also proposes a covariance-matrix-based general uncertainty analysis method and procedure. The measurement experiments for impulse signals on a VNA made in China and a self-constructed prototype NVNA reveal that the uncertainty analysis results of the proposed method are quite different from those when the correlation information is neglected. The validity and accuracy of the proposed method can be further verified through the comoarison with Monte Carlo simulation results.