中文摘要：

目的比较医院与社区患者感染鲍氏不动杆菌的临床特点和耐药特性,为开展有效的预防与控制感染提供依据。方法以2014年1月1日-12月31日在河南省5所三级甲等医院内科的6间重症监护病房（ICU）住院的2016例患者为研究对象,将鲍氏不动杆菌医院获得性感染患者48例为病例组,鲍氏不动杆菌社区获得性感染患者97例为对照组,对两组患者进行鲍氏不动杆菌医院感染影响因素进行logistic回归模型多因素分析。结果鲍氏不动杆菌肺部感率染病例组为60.42%、对照组患者为100.00%;与对照组相比,病例组患者感染鲍氏不动杆菌中非耐药菌的分布率更高,为27.87%与0.99%,而耐碳青霉烯类鲍氏不动杆菌则低于对照组,为34.43%与55.45%。结论鲍氏不动杆菌医院获得性感染患者与社区获得性感染患者在疾病诊断、感染部位、细菌耐药性等方面存在显著差异,应重视对社区来源的多药耐药菌定植或感染患者开展有效预防控制措施。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical characteristics between the hospital-acquired and the community-acquired infection caused by Acinetobacter baumannii and analyze the drug resistance so as to provide guidance for effective control and prevention of infections.METHODS A total of 2016 patients who were hospitalized in 6intensive care units（ICUs）of 5three A hospitals in Henan province from Jan 1,2014 to Dec 31,2014,then 48 patients with hospital-acquired A.baumannii infection were assigned as the case group,and 97 patients with community-acquired A.baumannii infection were set as the control group.The multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for the influencing factors for the A.baumannii infection.RESULTS The incidence of pulmonary infections caused A.baumannii was 60.42%in the case group,100.00%in the control group.Among the A.baumannii strains causing the infections,the proportion of the non-drug-resistant strains was 27.87% in the case group,significantly higher than 0.99%in the control group,however,the proportion of the carbapenem-resistant A.baumannii strains was 34.43% in the case group,lower than 55.45% in the control group.CONCLUSION There is significant difference in the diagnosis of disease,infection site,or bacterial resistance to antibiotics between the patients with hospital-acquired infection and the patients with community-acquired infection caused by the A.baumannii.It is necessary to pay attention to the colonization or infection with the community-acquired multidrug-resistant strains and take effective prevention measures.