中文摘要：

作为一种系统化的制度安排，旅游生态补偿的目的在于将旅游资源开发活动产生的外部成本转化为对利益相关者的经济激励，以调和旅游业发展与生态保护之间的矛盾。因此，旅游生态补偿成为旅游地可持续发展理论研究者与实践者关注的焦点。基于国内外理论研究与实践进展，较为系统地梳理与评析了旅游生态补偿的概念内涵、补偿主客体、补偿标准、补偿模式和保障体系等多方面研究内容。进而提出了补偿空间范围及其等级区划、补偿标准及其时空分配、兼顾公平与效率的补偿机制及补偿绩效等旅游生态补偿研究中应进一步关注的问题。

英文摘要：

As a systematic and institutional arrangement, tourism ecological compensation aims to transfer external costs generated from tourism resource development into economic incentives for stakeholders to reconcile the conflict between tourism development and ecological protection. Based on theoretical research and progress in China and abroad, several important aspects have been analyzed such as the connotation of tourism ecological compensation, compensation subject and object, compensation standard, compensation mode and a guarantee system. From a broader definition, tourism ecological compensation has been expanded from a simple charge for ecological services to a more balanced development opportunity both for stakeholders involved in ecological environment protection and different regions. From the perspective of tourist destinations, compensation bodies should include tourists, tourism enterprises, government and other entities such as environmental organizations. Compensation objects include the local residents, ecological environment, industry and stakeholders. Currently, the commonly used methods to identify tourism ecological compensation standards show pros and cons. To name a few： assessment of tourism resources value, opportunity costs allowance accounting, cost determination and payment willingness. In practice, tourism ecological compensation is realized mainly through certain trading patterns for transaction price. The ideal model should be a combination of government-led with market-driven compensation and a cost and effectiveness combined compensation model. In the implementation of ecological compensation, an effective security system should be established for management and supervision. Furthermore, key issues concerning tourism ecological compensation require more attention, such as the spatial distribution and grade division of ecological compensation, a tourism eco-compensation standard and its temporal and spatial distribution, compensation mechanism taking both fairness and efficiency into a