中文摘要：

中国是水资源短缺国家，水资源已成为制约中国社会经济可持续发展的重要因素。通过构建水资源承载力研究指标体系，选取16个水资源承载力影响因子，运用主成分分析的方法对乌鲁木齐市的水环境承载力进行动态的分析和研究。结果表明：乌鲁木齐市2004～2011年水资源承载力基本呈下降趋势．其中2005—2007年下降较为缓慢，2009～2011年下降较为明显，综合评价指数从1．0273上升至2．6919。影响乌鲁木齐市水资源承载力的主要因素涉及到社会经济与工业生产、人口、水资源开发及其利用等三大方面。乌鲁木齐市的水资源的利用程度非常高。且以后利用的发展潜力非常小。

英文摘要：

China is a country with a shortage of water resources, and the water resources have become an important factor of restricting China＇s social and economic sustainable development. This paper analyzed the water environment carrying capacity of Urumqi by using the principal component analysis method and an index system of water resources carrying capacity with 16 impact factors. The results show that there is a downtrend of water resources carrying capacity in Urumqi from 2004 to 2011, of which there is a slow decline from 2005 to 2007 and there is obvious decline from 2009 to 2011. The integrated evaluation index rose from 1.0273 to 2.6919. The water resources carrying capacity in U- rumqi is influenced in the respect of the social economy and industrial production, population, and natural resources exploitation and utilization. Now, the utilization degree of water resources in Urumqi is very high, and the development potential is very small.