中文摘要：

综述了基于超亲水超疏油原理的网膜的研究进展及其在油水分离中的应用。首先介绍了研究的理论基础，包括构筑超亲水超疏油网膜的理论基础及膜分离原理，膜的基本性能及影响因素，液桥原理在超亲水超疏油膜中的应用以及该类膜的结构、制备的原材料和制备的基本方法。然后全面综述了刺激响应超亲水超疏油膜，超亲水及水下超疏油膜，无机结晶纳米线超亲水超疏油膜，分子刷结构超亲水超疏油膜及可用于含油乳液分离的网膜等的研究进展。最后指出了目前在该领域的研究中存在的一些问题，主要包括膜分离的基本理论，制备膜的原材料、膜通量、膜寿命及应用范围等，并对未来的发展进行了展望。

英文摘要：

This paper reviews the research progress of membranes based on the principle of superhydrophilicity and superoleophobicity and its application in the oil-water separation. First, the fundamentals of the research are introduced, including those for preparing superhydrophilic and superoleophobic membranes and separation process, basic properties of membranes and influencing factors. The applications of liquid bridge principle in the superhydrophilic and superoleophobic membranes, membranes structures, general raw materials and prepared methods are also introduced. Then a comprehensive overview is given on the research progress of current common types of membranes, mainly including the stimuli-responsive superhydrophilic and superoleophobic membranes, superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic membranes, inorganic crystalline nanowires superhydrophilic and superoleophobic membranes, molecular brush structure superhydrophilic and superoleophobic membranes, and membranes for effective separation of oil-in-water emulsions. Finally, some problems in the current research area are advanced, including the basic theory of membrane separation, raw materials of membrane, membrane flux, membrane life, range of application, etc., and the development trends are prospected.