中文摘要：

数据出版是近几年由出版界和数据共享界共同提出的新概念，在国际上发展迅速，对知识管理和数据共享具有革命性的作用。文章从数据共享的角度提出科学数据出版是一种全新的数据共享模式，对数据共享具有重要作用，是一种科学数据资源争夺的重要工具及大数据研究的基础，能够解决数据共享面临的知识产权问题，完善数据共享中的责权利纠纷，从而促进数据共享从被动走向自发。在此基础上，提出我国数据出版发展战略，提出数据出版与我国现有的数据共享体系互为补充，国家数据共享体系应加强基础设施建设，为数据出版提供长期永久的数据存储环境，数据出版则应充分利用学术出版，发挥市场经济手段，重点关注数据共享过程中的知识产权问题。

英文摘要：

Data Publishing is put forward by publishing and data sharing group, the framework of data publishing is composed of ＂data submission, peer review, data publishing and permanent storage, data citation and data usage assessment＂.Data publishing is a new model of data sharing, it can solve the key problems of traditional data sharing：linkage between data and research funding agencies, scientists, observation and analysis instrument, data analysis and processing method, and the scientific conclusion can be established through data publishing;The data publishing can encourage scientists to share their data through the evaluation mechanism to their published data. Data intellectual property can be cleared and protected through DOI registration and data paper. In the era of big data, scientific data is an important resource of knowledge innovation.Data publishing is the important tool of international competition for data resources, China must set up our own data publishing system cope with the challenges.Compared with the existing data sharing in China, data publishing system has many advantages,it is an important supplement to the existing data sharing system.China should encourage the development of data publishing system.