中文摘要：

威信河，最大的内陆河到 Tianshan 山的北方，为人的生产和生活提供重要的水资源。在在威信河盆(MRB ) 的春天流量的规定的季节的雪盖子和 snowmelt 戏必需品角色。雪盖子是为获得春天流量的精确模拟和预言的最重要的输入参数之一。因此，在 MRB 正确地提取盖住雪的区域是特别重要的。在这研究，我们品质上和份量上分析了地面因素和陆地盖子类型用 TM 和 DEM 数据引起的雪盖子抽取的无常，与Per (规范的差别雪索引( NDSI )方法和视觉解释方法提取到实际盖住雪的区域的盖住雪的区域之间的差别的比率)和粗糙一起。结果显示二个方法提取的盖住雪的区域的差别首先在雪边界和有影的区域被反映。价值每在不同举起地区显著地变化了。也就是说，价值通常随举起的增加介绍了正常分布。山峰价值每发生在 3,7004,200 m 的举起地区。引起雪的无常的方面用阳光充足的斜坡的顺序盖住抽取 > 半遮阴、半阳光充足的斜坡 > 遮阴的斜坡，由于在每个方面收到的太阳的放射的差别。关于在学习区域的雪盖子抽取上的各种各样的陆地盖子类型的影响，光秃秃的岩石比草地在雪盖子抽取上是更有影响的。而且，灌木在雪盖子抽取上有最弱的影响。

英文摘要：

Manas River,the largest inland river to the north of the Tianshan Mountains,provides important water resources for human production and living.The seasonal snow cover and snowmelt play essential roles in the regulation of spring runoff in the Manas River Basin（MRB）.Snow cover is one of the most significant input parameters for obtaining accurate simulations and predictions of spring runoff.Therefore,it is especially important to extract snow-covered area correctly in the MRB.In this study,we qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed the uncertainties of snow cover extraction caused by the terrain factors and land cover types using TM and DEM data,along with the Per（the ratio of the difference between snow-covered area extracted by the Normalized Difference Snow Index（NDSI） method and visual interpretation method to the actual snow-covered area） and roughness.The results indicated that the difference of snow-covered area extracted by the two methods was primarily reflected in the snow boundary and shadowy areas.The value of Per varied significantly in different elevation zones.That is,the value generally presented a normal distribution with the increase of elevation.The peak value of Per occurred in the elevation zone of 3,700–4,200 m.Aspects caused the uncertainties of snow cover extraction with the order of sunny slope〉semi-shady and semi-sunny slope〉shady slope,due to the differences in solar radiation received by each aspect.Regarding the influences of various land cover types on snow cover extraction in the study area,bare rock was more influential on snow cover extraction than grassland.Moreover,shrub had the weakest impact on snow cover extraction.