中文摘要：

以内蒙古达里湖环境取样钻探为例，针对环境科学钻探中精确取样、原位取样、原状取样及钻进效率问题，介绍了钻探器具的选择及优化改进，对活塞式钻具静压法、锤击法和顿钻法进行分析、探讨和评价。根据活塞式钻具钻进、取样特点，综合优选顿钻成孔法与双钻孔交替取样技术。结合施工技术实践应用情况，进一步优化和改进活塞钻具施工技术，确保了取样质量满足地质科研要求，提高了钻进效率，降低了钻探成本。

英文摘要：

With the case of environmental sampling drilling in Dalinuoer Lake in Inner Mongolia, according to the accurate and original （in dimension and state） samples obtaining and the drilling efficiency, the paper introduces the selection and the optional improvement of drilling tools; analyzes and discusses the static pressure, hammer beating and cable drilling of piston drilling tool with evaluation. By the drilling and sampling characteristics of the piston drilling tool, the cable drilling and alternative sampling in double boreholes are optimized. In comparison to the above both ways, by simultaneously using piston and cable drilling, more accurate and original samples can be extract with higher efficiency.