中文摘要：

介绍了相对法技术的基本原理及其在特殊条件下（特殊制品形式及极端服役环境）陶瓷材料力学性能评价领域中的应用，如陶瓷涂层力学性能的评价、陶瓷高温与超高温力学性能的检测。采用相对法技术可对陶瓷涂层弹性模量、弯曲强度、界面结合强度、本征硬度、密度、热膨胀系数和陶瓷材料的高温与超高温弹性模量、硬度、弹性恢复与能量耗散进行测试表征，解决以往一些常规技术无法解决的问题，为特殊条件下陶瓷构件的安全设计及可靠应用提供可行的评价手段。

英文摘要：

The principles of relative method and its application for evaluating the mechanical properties of ceramics under the various special conditions like special forms of products and extreme serving conditions were introduced. The relative method can be used to determine the mechanical properties of ceramic coating or the high-temperature and ultra-high temperature mechanical performance of ceramics. This method has been applied to evaluate those properties that are difficult measured by conventional approaches, such as elastic modulus, fracture strength, interface bonding strength, true hardness, density and thermal expansion coefficient of ceramic coatings, as well as elastic modulus, hardness, elastic recovery energy and energy dissipation of ceramic materials at high-temperature or ultra-high temperature. The aim of this review was to introduce some convenient and feasible testing techniques for the safety and reliability of ceramic components.