中文摘要：

以不同整理工艺处理的苎麻纤维为生物模板，酚醛树脂为黏接剂，经800℃炭化后获得三种苎麻炭模板，再经Sn（OH）4溶胶浸渗和560℃真空原位炭热还原反应制备得三种SnO2／C遗态材料试样。采用XRD和SEM技术分析了苎麻模板整理工艺对SnO2／C遗态材料物相组成和微观形貌的影响，利用自制磨耗仪对比测试了三种遗态材料试样的磨损率。结果表明：三种SnO2／C遗态材料试样在显微结构以及耐磨性能等方面存在明显差异，通过生物模板整理工艺可有效调控遗态材料的微观结构和性能。

英文摘要：

Ramie fibers were treated by different finishing processes including water washing, NaOH soaking and oxidative bleaching. The three kinds of finished Ramie fibers as soft carbon precursor were chopped to 10- 20 mm and blended with phenolic resin as hard carbon precursor with a weight ratio of fibers to resin of 1：1 and 6mass% toluene sulfochloride as a hardening reagent. The blends were hot-pressed at 130 ℃ and carbonized at 800 ℃. The three carbon plates were repeatedly impregnated with Sn （OH） 4 sol to a weight ratio of Sn （OH） 4/ carbon of 0.5, followed by carbothermal reduction at 560 ℃ in vacuum to prepare SnO2/C bio-morphic materials. The effect of finishing processes on the phase composition and morphology of SnO2/C bio-morphic materials were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the wear rates of the bio-mor- phic samples were tested using a home-made abrader. It was found that the microstructure and wear resistance of the SnO2/C bio-morphic materials are significantly different and could be effectively controlled through the finishing process.