中文摘要：

目的：研究广西人群miR-146a C〉G（rs2910164）、miR-149 T〉C（rs2292832）等位基因及基因型频率分布,分析其与不同民族种族间的差异性。方法：采用单碱基延伸技术和DNA测序技术对303例广西人群中miR-146a C〉G和miR-149 T〉C基因单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点进行分型检测,并与人类基因组计划（Hapmap）数据库中公布的非洲人、欧洲人、日本人和中国北京人群的SNP分型数据比较。结果：miR-146a C〉G、miR-149 T〉C等位基因和基因型频率在广西男女人群之间分布均无差异性（P均〉0.05）。广西人群miR-146a C〉G和miR-149 T〉C基因型及等位基因频率与非洲人、欧洲人、中国北京人比较有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）。结论：广西人群miR-146a C〉G和miR-149 T〉C存在基因多态性,与其他种族人群比较有差异性,这种差异性对人类遗传病的研究可能会起到重要作用。

英文摘要：

Objective ：To study the frequencies of allele and genotype distribution of miR-146a C〉G（rs2910164） and miR-149 T〉C （rs2292832） gene, and to analyze the statistical differences between different racial and nationalities. Methods： The Polymerase Chain Reaction-Single Base Extension （PCR-SBE） technique and DNA sequencing methods were used for the determination of the SNP in miR-146a C〉G and miR-149 T〉C gene, and compared with the European, African, Japanese and People in Beijing from the Human Genome Project （HapMap）. Results： There were no statistical differences of allele and genotype distribution in miR-146a C〉G, miR- 149 T〉C between female and male group （ P〉0. 05 ）. There were significant difference frequencies of allele and genotype distribution of miR-146a C〉G and miR-149 T〉C gene by compared with the European, African and People in Beijing（ P〈0. 05 ）. Conclusion： There were gene Polymorphisms of miR-146a C〉G and miR-149 T〉C in Guangxi populations, and there were significant differences by compared with other ethnic populations, which may play an important role in the human inherited disease research.