中文摘要：

土库曼斯坦的气候属于典型的极度干燥的大陆性气候,气温年较差和日较差大,夏季长而燥热,冬季短而较冷。全年降水稀少,空气湿度低,是世界上最干旱的地区之一。在这种干旱的气候条件下形成了其特有的水资源特征。在社会经济发展的过程中,土库曼斯坦的水资源问题日益突出,甚至成为了影响区域发展的瓶颈因素。通过对土库曼斯坦气候和水资源现状的分析,找出目前水资源利用方面存在的问题,从而为科学合理地利用水资源提出合理的建议。这对同属于干旱区的我国新疆地区实现水资源合理利用也具有一定的参考价值。

英文摘要：

The climate of Turkmenistan belongs to the typical extreme dry continental climate,annual and daily temperature difference is large.It is long and hot in summer,and it is short and cool in winter.The annual precipitation is scarce,air humidity is low,and it is one of the most arid regions in the world.Under this arid climatic conditions its unique characteristics of water resources are formed.In the process of social and economic development,water resources problems in Turkmenistan have become increasingly prominent,and even become the bottleneck of regional development.Through an analysis of the climate and water resources actuality of Turkmenistan,the existing problems of water resources utilization have been find out,and reasonable suggestions have been put forward for the scientific and rational utilization of water resources.It also has a certain reference value for the reasonable utilization of water resources in the arid areas in Xinjiang.China.