中文摘要：

在儿童安全的研究中,由于受到伦理道德等方面的限制,无法开展有效的儿童结构响应实验了解其损伤机理、确定损伤容忍限度,导致现有儿童假人的开发和相应损伤容忍限度的建立都是通过缩放成人结构响应实验数据而得到的。然而,缩放方法的准确性目前仍未得到证实。同样,儿童结构响应数据的缺乏,使得儿童数学模型的验证存在很大的困难。为此,详细回顾与分析现有文献中儿童头部、颈椎、胸腹部、骨盆与四肢结构响应实验方法与数据。此外,还回顾儿童尸体台车试验及志愿者台车试验。最后,对未来急需开展的儿童各部位结构响应实验提出建议。

英文摘要：

From an ethical point of view,it is extremely difficult to propose well-controlled pediatric subject study aiming at understanding the injury mechanisms and establishing the associated tolerance values. As the consequence,the current development of child anthropomorphic test devices（ ATDs） and corresponding injury assessment reference values（ IARVs） is based on the scaling data obtained from adult human cadaveric experiments. However,the accuracy of such scaling techniques in use has not yet been confirmed. There is also great demand of pediatric experimental data to validate the numerical models for children. To address these issues,this paper provides a detailed review of the experimental data and experimental methods available in literatures for the structure responses of body regions of children,including head,neck,thorax,abdomen,extremities and pelvis. The sled tests of pediatric cadavers and volunteers are also reviewed. Lastly,current state-of-art is analyzed and future studies are suggested.