中文摘要：

随着全球冰川正在越来越多的地区融化,冰川微生物资源很可能会由于冰川退缩而未被人类所发现就已受到生存的威胁而濒危.以祁连山老虎沟12号冰川消融区和末端雪样及末端土样为研究对象,采用培养方法、分子鉴定,研究冰川雪样优势菌群在冰川末端土样的分布状况及生理生化指标变化情况,分析冰川细菌优势菌群在冰川退缩后适应非雪环境的能力.结果表明：冰川末端雪样优势菌为1BW1和1BW2所代表的Pedobacter,该属在冰川消融区雪样和冰川末端土样中未分离到;冰川消融区雪样优势菌为2BW所代表的Acinetobacter,该属在冰川末端雪样中的数量较少,在冰川末端土样中的数量更少.不同采样位点16SrRNA序列相似性高的菌株其生理生化特征比相同采样位点的大.因此,冰川冰退缩可能会引发冰川雪样中的优势种群不能适应新环境而灭绝.应加强冰川细菌资源利用和保护的研究基础.

英文摘要：

Global glaciers are ablating with the maximal rate on record in more and more areas all over the world.This phenomenon determines the potential loss of glacial microbial resources without being discovered.Taken snow samples from the glacial ablation zone and terminus,soil samples from glacial terminus as research objects,the variation of dominant bacterial community in glacial snow with adaptation to non-snow environment in response to the retreat of Laohugou Glacier No.12 in the Qilian Mountains was investigated,using culture and molecular methods,as well as physiological and biochemical indexes.The result demonstrates that the dominant population of Pedobacter,represented by 1BW1 and 1BW2,in snow sample from the glacial terminus is unable to isolate from snow sample from the glacial ablation zone and soil sample from the glacial terminus.Moreover,dominant population of Acinetobacter,represented by 2BW,in the snow sample from the glacial ablation zone is more than that in the snow sample from glacial terminus and is less in the soil sample from the glacial terminus.Strains with high 16S rRNA sequence similarity in different sampling sites are more different in physiological and biochemical characteristics.Therefore,the dominant populations in glacial snow may probably become extinction owing to unable to adapt the new environment after glacial retreat.The research is a basis for the utilization and protection of bacterial resources in glaciers.