中文摘要：

由于人类节日活动,节日大气污染与平时相比有独特性,了解其污染特征对指导人类生活有重要意义。用Staplex公司分粒径的大流量采样器采集上海嘉定区2009—2010年节日（春节、劳动节、中秋节、国庆节）及相应临近非节日（以下简称非节日）的大气颗粒物样品,分析了颗粒物中主要化学组分的节日特征。在所研究的4个节日中,春节由于受到大量烟花爆竹燃放的影响,节日效应最为严重,且其影响主要在细粒径段（〈3.00μm）。春节细粒径段颗粒物质量浓度、有机碳和元素碳质量浓度分别为99.2、30.2、9.5μg/m^3,与非节日的比值分别为1.5、2.6、3.4;而影响最严重的离子是K^＋和Mg^2＋,其与非节日的比值分别为29.0和23.7。总体而言,春节颗粒物浓度最高和化学组分污染最严重,其次是劳动节、国庆节、中秋节。

英文摘要：

Due to the influence of the specific human activities in holidays,the atmospheric particles showed their apparent characteristics comparing with the ordinary days.In this study,the atmospheric particulate matters in Jiading district of Shanghai were collected using a six-stage sampler during Chinese conventional festivals,including Spring Festival,the International Labor Day,the Mid-autumn Day and the National Day from 2009 to 2010.The festivals characteristic of the major chemical components of the particulate matters were studied.The results showed that,due to a large amount of fireworks and firecrackers being burned,most of OC,EC,K^＋,Mg^2＋and Cl^-were distributed in fine particles（3.00μm）during the Spring Festival,and the festival effect was the most serious.The mass concentrations of particulate matters,OC and EC in the fine particles were 99.2,30.2and 9.5μg/m^3,which were 1.5,2.6and 3.4times as those in ordinary days.The most been influenced ions were K^＋and Mg^2＋,the ratio with the non-festivals were 29.0and 23.7.Overall,the atmospheric particulate matters were most influenced by human activities in Spring Festival,which was followed by the International Labor Day,the National Day and the Mid-autumn Day.