中文摘要：

近年来大量的实验研究表明，血管平滑肌细胞（VSMCs）的增殖和迁移是各种血管疾病，包括动脉粥样硬化斑块形成、高血压、血管成形术后再狭窄等的病理基础。而血管平滑肌细胞的表型转化在其增殖和迁移中发挥着重要的作用。心肌素（myocardin）是迄今为止发现的最关键的促血管平滑肌细胞分化的转录因子，能有效激活平滑肌细胞（SMCs）的分化程序。近年来，人们对心肌素在平滑肌细胞表型转化过程中的功能进行了深入研究。现对血管平滑肌细胞的表型转化以及心肌素在血管平滑肌转化中的作用作一综述。

英文摘要：

Previous studies have shown that proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells （VSMCs） are the common pathological basis of the development and progression of atherosclerosis, hypertension and vascular restenosis after surgical interventions. It is also known that, in the proliferation and migration process, VSMCs phenotypic switching plays an important role. Myocardin, the most critical transcription co-factor specifically expressed in adult cardiomyocytes and smooth muscle cells （SMCs）, can effectively promotes the differentiation of SMCs. Recently, a number of studies have unveiled the functions of myocardin in SMCs phenotypic switching. In this review, recent findings on VSMCs phenotypic switching and the roles of myocardin in this process will be summarized and discussed.