中文摘要：

由于水资源的分布不均和大量消耗，水资源短缺成为很多国家和地区经济社会发展的约束。虚拟水贸易作为一种解决水资源短缺的方式被提出，成为水资源研究领域的热点。以农产品的国际贸易为主体的虚拟水国际贸易也不仅仅涉及水资源的平衡问题，还涉及到很多政治、经济等因素。本文从政治、经济、社会、生态四方面对虚拟水贸易的影响因素进行分析，从而对虚拟水贸易展开研究。

英文摘要：

Because of the unbalanced space distribution and large amount of consumption of water resource, water resource scarcity has restricted the development of many nations and regions. The concept of ＂ virtual water trade＂ is introduced as an alternative means to solve the water resource scarcity and becomes a hotspot in the field of water resource research. Virtual water international trade, with the international trade of farm products as the main part, involves not only the balance of water resource, but also other factors like politics, economy, etc. This paper analyses the factors that influence virtual water trade from the four aspects of politics, economics, society and ecology and thus starts the research on virtual water trade.