中文摘要：

【目的】认识和了解群落入侵抵抗力形成机制成为当前入侵生态学研究最为关注的热点和核心问题。本文比较山东半岛丘陵生境不同群落优势种对外来植物火炬树的化感抑制效应差异,探讨群落入侵抵抗力形成的化感驱动机制。【方法】采用培养皿滤纸法进行凋落物水浸液种子发芽试验,比较山东半岛丘陵生境常见优势树种麻栎、刺槐、赤松、黑松凋落物对火炬树种子萌发、幼苗生长的化感作用差异;因土壤会影响许多化感物质的转化和存在形态进而影响其活性,进一步设置土壤介质参与的凋落物覆盖盆栽试验,对比研究不同树种凋落物覆盖对火炬树幼苗生物量积累及其分配的影响。【结果】凋落物水浸液种子发芽试验显示,麻栎相比刺槐、赤松、黑松,显著抑制火炬树种子萌发和幼苗生长。凋落物覆盖盆栽试验表明,高凋落物量（每盆50 g）时,麻栎较刺槐、赤松、黑松显著降低了火炬树幼苗的总生物量;低凋落物量（每盆25 g）时仅在麻栎和赤松之间存在显著差异,麻栎较赤松显著抑制了火炬树幼苗总生物量的积累;有麻栎凋落物覆盖时,火炬树幼苗生物量分配呈现叶生物量比降低,根生物量比和根冠比增大的趋势。【结论】麻栎的化感物质可在一定程度上控制火炬树的生长。利用对火炬树具有明显化感抑制作用的本地植物麻栎对其进行生态控制,或者构建高抵抗力植物群落,进而筛选有效化感物质,可能是一条值得尝试的控制火炬树扩散的新途径。研究结果可揭示群落入侵抵抗力形成的化感驱动机制,有助于进一步推动对入侵过程的认识,对外来植物入侵防控具有重要的理论和实践意义。

英文摘要：

【Objective 】Studies of human-mediated introductions of organisms and resistance of communities to plant invasion has become one of the central issues of invasion ecology. In this study,we explored variation among dominant tree species from different communities in their resistance to exotic plant Rhus typhina. It will help us understanding the mechanisms underlying invasion resistance of plant communities. 【Method】Quercus acutissima,Robinia pseudoacacia,Pinus densiflora,and P. thunbergii are common dominant species in hilly reas of Shandong Peninsula. Laboratory bioassays experiments were conducted to evaluate the allelopathic effects of litter leachates from 4 dominant tree species on the germination rate and seedling growth of R. typhina. In soil medium,chemical compounds can function directly or with the help of soil biota. To further elucidate the effects of 4 dominant trees on total biomass and biomass allocation of R.typhina seedlings,pot experiments with litter addition were done in greenhouse in Ludong University. 【Result 】 Our results indicated that compared to treatments with litter leachates from R. pseudoacacia,P. densiflora and P. thunbergii,the litter leachates from Q. acutissima reduced the germination rate and seedling growth of R. typhina in laboratory bioassays. Likewise in pot experiments,the total biomass of R. typhina seedlings was inhibited when treated with Q.acutissima litter. Compared to treatments of the other 3 species,the leaf mass ratio of R. typhina decreased,the root massratio and root to shoot ratio increased with Q. acutissima litter addition. 【Conclusion 】 Q. acutissima showed strong inhibitory allelopathic effects on R. typhina. It can be a new way to control the spread of R. typhina by building high resistance plant communities with Q. acutissima. And we could further screen effective allelochemicals from Q. acutissima to control the growth of R. typhina. Our results revealed that the dominant trees exerted different inhibitory effects on the performance of R. t