中文摘要：

稀土掺杂上转换发光纳米材料（RE-UCNPs）由于其生物体毒性低、背景荧光弱、灵敏度高、化学稳定性高、光稳定性好、光穿透能力强、Stokes位移大等优点,成为了新一代荧光纳米材料。通过对上转换发光中几种能量交换形式的介绍,来阐述其发光机理;通过研究国内外RE-UCNPs的报道,介绍了其几种常见的制备方法和在生物分析化学领域的应用。着重介绍了荧光共振能量转移（FRET）在上转换发光纳米材料（UCNPs）检测生物分子、危险品化学和金属离子中的作用及应用。对各种被检测物的检测范围和检出限作了说明与归纳。FRET在UCNPs应用中有着重要意义,对其进行更多的基础性研究十分重要。

英文摘要：

Rare-earth doping up-conversion nanoparticles （RE-UCNPs） exhibit unique properties,such as low toxicity,weak background fluorescence,high sensitivity,good chemical and optical stability,deep light penetration depth in tissue and large stokes shifts. These RE-UCNPs symbolize a new generation of phosphornanomaterials. Based on energy transfer types of upconversion, emission mechanism was illustrated in this view. The typical preparation methods and applications in bioanalytical chemistry of UCNPs were reviewed bystudying the domestic and international reports. In the application, the detection of biomolecules, hazardouschemicals and metal ions via UCNPs-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer （FRET） were introduced.The detection range and detection limits of analytes were described and summarized. It should be noted thatFRET plays an important role in an UCNP based application and more studies regarding the fundamentalaspects for FRET with UCNPs is necessary.K