中文摘要：

通过水工模型试验研究，对阿海工程左泄洪冲沙底孔采用跌坎式掺气，从流态、底、侧空腔长度、掺气浓度、压强等方面，比较了突扩、明槽坡度等因素对掺气效果的影响。试验结果表明，采用突扩十突跌式通气减蚀与突跌情况下相比，掺气效果更加明显；随着明槽底坡坡度的增大，掺气底、侧空腔长度、掺气浓度值亦随之增大；采用突扩＋突跌式掺气以及适当的明槽底坡，可以有效的增加掺气效果，从而减小发生空化、空蚀破坏的可能性。

英文摘要：

An aerator with vertical drop and lateral sudden enlargement form is tested in laboratory for Ahai Projects left outlets. The factors affecting aeration, including lateral sudden enlargement form, trough gradient etc. are optimized separately after a comparison between various alternatives such as state of flow, bottom cavity length, lateral cavity length, air concentration, pressure etc. The experiment results show that the effect of air concentration is better in lateral sudden enlargement than without it; the bottom and lateral cavity length and air concentration are increasing along with the augmentation of trough gradients. Choosing suitable lateral sudden enlargement form, trough gradient after the tainter gate, this emptying tunnel may be void or mitigate cavitation.