中文摘要：

通过外场作用改变摩擦来实现对摩擦的主动控制一直受到人们的关注。介绍了外场作用下的摩擦学研究现状,综述了在外场作用下以液晶、铁磁流体和有机盐水溶液等特殊润滑材料为介质对实现摩擦主动控制进行的研究,指出了存在的问题及展望磁流变液在实现摩擦主动控制的发展前景。

英文摘要：

Many efforts are paid to improve friction and wear by changing the external field to achieve the active control for tribology.The history and the development of the tribology under external field are introduced.The study on special lubricating materials（such as liquid crystal,ferromagnetic fluid and organic salt solution） used to achieve the active control of tribology is reviewed.The issue about the active control of tribology is summarized.The future research on magnetorheological fluid and its application in the active control of tribology is analyzed.