中文摘要：

炭气凝胶是一种结构新颖的中孔材料，具有很多特殊的性质。本文在简要介绍炭气凝胶制备过程的基础上，综述了近年来炭气凝胶结构改性和应用方面的最新研究进展，主要包括球形和杂化炭气凝胶的研究现状。最后指出未来的发展方向。

英文摘要：

Carbon aerogels are new kinds of mesopomus materials with many peculiar properties. In this paper, on the basis of the introduction of the preparation of carbon aerogels, the latest progress in the structural modification and application of carbon aerogels, especially the synthesis of spherical-type and hybrid carbon aerogels was s and the future trend was briefly indicated in the last part.