中文摘要：

苦马豆素（SW）是苦马豆属、棘豆属、黄芪属、番薯属和黄花稔属等某些有毒植物的主要毒性成分，动物采食该类植物后，会发生以神经系统功能紊乱为特征的中毒病。研究表明，豆类丝核菌、金龟子绿僵菌和疯草内生真菌均可以产生苦马豆素。植物和真菌中苦马豆素的生物合成研究可为人类从根本上解决含有SW有毒植物引起的动物中毒问题和促进SW的医学研究及应用提供重要的科学依据。论文根据近年来的最新研究，重点围绕植物和真菌中苦马豆素的生物合成及其相关研究进行综述，以期为该类研究的开展提供思路。

英文摘要：

Swainsonine is identified as the principal toxic agent in the poisonous species of the genera Swainsona,Astragalus,Oxytrop, Ipomoea, Sida. The animals with consume the plants exhibit the functional disorder of nervous system. Studies have shown,Metarhiziurn anisopliae,Rhizoctonia leguminicola and fungal endophytes from locoweeds could produce swainsonine. The research of swainsonine biosynthesis in plants and fungi will provide a scientific basis to solve the promble of animal poisoning and promote the medical research application of swainsonine. Based on the recent research,the focus on the biosynthesis of swainsonine in plants and endophytes were summarized to provide new ideas for conducting of such research in this paper.