中文摘要：

地表发射率是陆面资料同化系统中的关键参数。微波地表发射率模型在卫星资料同化系统中的使用显著提高了大部分地表状况下的卫星微波资料的利用率。该文从物理模型和半经验模型2个方面综述了微波地表发射率模型研究的主要进展及其研究中存在的问题，并对这些方法的优、缺点分别进行了评价；最后，对微波地表发射率模型的研究前景进行了展望，认为可以从提高输入参数的准确性、模型的假设条件和加强微波辐射传输过程的机理研究等方面提高模型的模拟精度，并建议进一步考证半经验模型在当前卫星测量数据中的应用，并重视模型间的对比和模型定量评价方法的研究。

英文摘要：

The land surface emissivity is a key parameter in the land data assimilation system, and the uses of the satellite microwave data under most land conditions are significantly increasing by implementing the microwave land emissivity model（MLEM） in the satellite data assimilation system. This paper systematically reviews the progress of MLEM in the aspects of physical model and semi - empirical model. The main advantages and limitations of the two types of models are also discussed. Finally, the development tendencies of simulating microwave land emissivity （MLE） by models are proposed, such as improving the accuracy of the inputs, taking assumptions of models into account, and strengthening the study of the microwave radiative transfer process. Some proposals are also put forward concerning the improvement of the method for further research on the semi - empirical model in the application of satellite data and the attention to the contrast between the models and the quantitative evaluation methods of models.