中文摘要：

利用柱状沉积物采样器和Peeper间隙水采集器,分别于夏冬两季获取山东省南四湖不同湖区原位柱状沉积物和间隙水,分析沉积物磷形态和间隙水磷分布特征,探讨沉积物和间隙水磷之间的相关性.结果表明：南四湖沉积物含有较丰富的磷,空间差异性显著,总体呈北高南低的趋势.这与南四湖北部距离济宁市区较近、受污染较重有关.各磷形态组分中以无机磷（IP）含量最高,夏冬两季IP含量分别占总磷（TP）的52.3%～87.2%和60.6%～88.3%.4个湖区表层沉积物TP含量（5cm内）均呈现夏季〉冬季的特征,可能与夏季水产品养殖旺盛、湖区周围耕地大量施用化肥,以及旅游活动频繁等有关.间隙水磷（PO43--P）浓度夏冬两季在垂直方向上均呈先增加后降低的趋势,夏季含量明显高于冬季,说明沉积物中的磷在夏季具有更大的向上覆水释放的潜力.夏季沉积物有机磷（OP）和IP相关性显著,冬季相关性不显著,说明夏季IP与OP间的形态转化较冬季活跃.沉积物铁铝结合态磷（Fe/A1-P）和IP与间隙水磷含量具有显著正相关关系.夏冬两季Peeper法获取间隙水磷的平均含量比传统离心法高出20%～50%,前者可能更精确.

英文摘要：

By using cylindrical sediment sampler and Peeper’s interstitial water sampler, the intact sediment and interstitial water were collected from different zones of Nansi Lake in Shandong Province in summer and winter. The distribution characteristics of the sediment phosphorus forms and of the phosphate （PO43--P） in interstitial water were analyzed, and their correlations were discussed. In the sediments of Nansi Lake, phosphorus was richer, and had a significant spatial differentiation, with an overall decreasing trend from north to south, which was related to the seriously polluted Northern Nansi Lake near Jining City. Among the phosphorous forms, inorganic phosphorus （IP） had the highest concentration, accounting for 52.3%-87.2% and 60.6%-88.3% of the total phosphorus （TP） in summer and winter, respectively. The TP concentrations in 5 cm surface sediment of four sub-lakes were all higher in summer than in winter, which could be related to the human activities such as exuberant aquaculture, more chemical fertilizers application around lake, and frequent tourism activities, etc. in summer. In vertical direction, the PO43--P concentration in interstitial water decreased after an initial increase in summer and winter, and was obviously higher in summer than in winter, suggesting that the phosphorous in sediment had a higher potential to release to the overlying water in summer. The organic phosphorus （OP） and IP in sediment had a significant correlation in summer but less correlation in winter, indicating that the transformation between sediment IP and OP was more active in summer than in winter. The iron and aluminum bound phosphorus （Fe/Al-P） and IP in sediment were significantly positively correlated with the PO43--P in interstitial water. In summer and winter, the average PO43--P concentration in interstitial water collected by Peeper’s interstitial water sampler was about 20%-50% higher than that collected by the conventional centrifugal method, suggesting that using Peeper’s interstiti