中文摘要：

共轭高分子材料特异的金属或半导体的电子特性兼有质轻、价廉、易于加工的优点使其在有机场效应晶体管、有机太阳能电池和有机发光二极管等领域显示了重要的应用前景.然而,尽管经过几十年的不断研究,共轭高分子材料种类及其相关器件性能均已得到显著发展,但是共轭高分子材料的本征电荷传输特性仍不清楚,其研究面临巨大挑战,这主要是由共轭高分子材料本身分子量分布弥散、分子间相互缠结以及在常规旋涂薄膜器件中分子高度无序等特性所决定的.从调控共轭高分子聚集态结构的角度出发,不断提高共轭高分子的结构有序性及减小电荷传输过程中的晶界及缺陷密度,是实现共轭高分子材料本征性能认识的有效途径之一.本文首先简单归纳总结了研究者在共轭高分子多尺度聚集态结构调控及性能研究方面的初步结果,进一步结合国内外相关研究进展,重点对共轭高分子晶体方面的工作展开详细介绍,最后对该领域未来发展的挑战及机遇进行了简单评述.

英文摘要：

Conjugated polymers have demonstrated promising applications in fields of organic field-effect transistors, organic solar cells and organic light-emitting diodes, etc., due to their attractive advantages of unique optoelectronic properties, light weight, low cost and easy processability. However, regardless of the remarkable development for conjugated polymer materials and devices over the past decades, charge transport in conjugated polymers still remains unclear, which is mainly due to the molecular weight polydispersity and intermolecular entanglements of conjugated polymers as well as their naturally disordered structures in films. To achieve better understanding of the nature charge transport in conjugated polymers, continually increasing the molecular orders and reducing grain boundaries and defects are crucial. Aiming at this point, we propose a concept of multilevel charge transport investigation in conjugated polymers, and under this guideline, we have carried out systematical studies over the past years. In this article, we briefly summarize our recent results on charge transport investigation in conjugated polymers from macro-, to micro/nano-and molecular scales. With a derivative of poly（paraphenylene ethynylene） with thioacetyl end groups（TA-PPE） selected as an example, we found that the charge transport property could be significantly improved by 3-4 orders by continuously increasing the molecular orders in solid state. With downscaling to molecular scale, some new phenomenon was observed for conjugated polymers, such as the modulation of the redox center of tetrathiafulvalene（TTF） units on tunneling charge transport. In part 2 of the paper, combining the recent progress in literature, we give a detailed demonstration on the development history of conjugated polymer single crystals, with special emphasis on our efforts carried out in this field. Based on the investigation of polymer single crystals, a novel molecular packing model is found in the polymer micro/nanowires, that is the conj