中文摘要：

在社会网络研究中,角色识别是一个十分重要的研究问题,它对分析和理解社会网络、预测用户行为、研究用户之间的关系和交互过程具有重要意义.相对其他人或事物来说,社会网络中每个人都扮演着所在环境下的一个角色.社会角色可根据用户之间的交互水平来定义,这些角色可看作是对用户位置、行为或虚拟身份的刻画,并且随着时间的变化这些角色也在不断的改变和演化.当前,社会网络角色识别研究更多的是集中在新出现的社交网络平台上,如Facebook、Twitter、微博等,也正是由于这些社交媒体网络的快速增长以及可被获得,使我们有了新的机会和条件来定义和识别社会角色.文中主要对近年来关于社会网络中角色识别的方法和研究现状进行了总结,并提出自己的想法和意见.文中首先阐述了社会网络中网络、角色等基本概念,提出了社会网络角色识别问题并给出社会网络角色识别研究中关键挑战问题;然后根据角色是否提前定义,将社会网络角色分为非明确角色和明确角色,并总体概括了当前这两种角色识别的主要方法和研究现状;最后对社会网络角色识别中的难点和未来研究方向进行了分析和展望.社会网络角色的识别是一个复杂的问题,不是单靠某一种方法能解决的,而是需要用＂组合拳＂方式来解决,这就要求我们综合考虑各种因素进行优化组合,识别出最终的社会角色.

英文摘要：

It is an important research issue in social networks to identify roles, which can help analyze and understand social networks, predict user＇s behavior, and study the relationship and interaction between users. In social networks, every person plays a role in one＇s environment relative to other people or things. The interaction level among users defines the appearance of several social roles which can be characterized as positions, behaviors, or virtual identities, and they keep changing and evolving over time. Currently, the research of role identification in social networks is more focused on the emerging social networking platform, such as Facebook, Twitter, micro blogging and so on. And, it is due to the rapid growth of these social media networks and these media data can be obtained, so that we have new opportunities and conditions to define and identify social roles. We summarize the methods and current research status of the role identification in social networks, and put forward some ideas and opinions. In this article, we firstly give the basic concept of networks and roles in social networks, and put forward the question of role identification in social networks and their main challenges. Then we introduce related research and state-of-the-art approaches from two different angles. The first one is the non-explicit roles and the second is the explicit roles. At last some future research topics are given. Identifying roles in social networks is a complex problem, not rely on a particular method can be solved, but need to use the ＂combined fist＂ approach to resolve, which requires us to consider the optimal combination of various factors, identifying the ultimate social roles.