中文摘要：

目的设计一种帮助医生掌握腹腔镜手术技能的训练器。方法以人因工程原则为基础,测量30个成年人腹部表面的尺寸,并结合气腹条件下人体腹壁的扩张程度,确定训练器的尺寸和轮廓。依照手术中最佳的操作角、方位角和仰角的度数确定穿刺孔的位置。采用小型摄像头和LED灯带模拟腹腔镜摄像头和光源。依照McGill腹腔镜技能训练的标准和腹腔镜手术基本技能设计训练模块。最后,应用Autodesk Inventor软件完成三维设计与装配,应用数控技术和快速成型技术完成样机的加工制造。结果设计了一种多用途腹腔镜手术训练器,其尺寸为300mm×350mm×150mm,主要由箱体、底板、摄像系统、抽屉系统、灯带以及7个任务模块组成。结论本研究设计的训练器符合人因工程学的设计,使用方便;既能提供传统腹腔镜手术训练,也适用于单孔手术练习。

英文摘要：

Objective To design a training box for laparoscopic skills. Methods Based on ergonomics, the size and the contour of the training box were designed with the abdominal surface data of 30 adults and extension degree of the abdominal wall under pneumoperitoneum. Port location was designed considering the optimal manipulation angel, azimuth angle and elevation angle. A flexible camera system and LED light belts were used to simulate laparoscope and light source. Training tasks were designed according to the McGill Laparoscopic Simulation study and basic laparoscopic skills. Finally, the 3D design and assembling of the training box were achieved by Autodesk Inventor, and rapid prototyping and computerized numerical control technology were used to manufacture the prototype. Results A multi-purpose training box with seven training tasks for laparoscopic surgery was successfully designed, with a size of 300 mm× 350 mm× 150 mm. It was mainly composed of box, baseboard, camera system, drawer system, light belts, and seven training task modules. Conclusion The multi-purpose training box in this study is ergonomically designed and is easy to use. It can be used for training the skills of traditional laparoscopic procedures and single port surgery.