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中文摘要：
现代针叶树气孔器的研究为鉴定化石气孔器奠定了基础,对第四纪植被变化和古气候的研究起着很重要的作用,是第四纪孢粉学的一个重要补充.本文运用常规的标准的孢粉分析方法,对中国西北地区常见的松科3属8种和柏科3属4种植物气孔器进行了观察分析.结果表明凭气孔器大小可以区分松科与柏科.利用气孔器大小、T型结构的形状、上部木质片与气孔器茎之间的夹角进行属的鉴别,再结合茎的长度、宽度、中间木质部的宽、T型外角度和上部木质片外缘形状等可以进行种的鉴别,并编制了一个初步的检索表.
英文摘要：
The study on the morphology of stomata of conifers is the foundation of identifying fossil stomata that is important for the study of the change of vegetation and climate. In this paper, stomata of 3 genera （8 species） of Pinaceae and 3 genera （4 species） of Cupressaceae are studied by measuring reference stomata from fresh needles which prepared using the standard pollen preparation but without HF treatment. The size of stomata is important criteria for separating Pinaceae and Cupressaceae. The stomata size, T-shape structure, the angle of attachment of the upper woody lamellae, are used together to distinguish among different genera. In genus, different species can be separated by observations such as the shape of the upper lamellae, the angle of the T-shape structure tail, stem width and length, medial lamellae border width and the outer brim of the upper woody lamellae of the stomata. A key to identify stomata is proposed.
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