中文摘要：

静电纺丝技术近几年在制备纳米纤维领域得到了广泛的应用,被认为是批量制备纳米纤维材料最简单有效的方法。本文综述了近几年高压静电纺丝技术制备图案化无机物纳米纤维的纺丝装置和过程,特别详细综述了纺丝过程中纤维直径的变化,利用带电流体动力学（EHD）理论推导出纤维直径变化的运动方程,并对方程进行一定程度的修订,以符合电纺无机物纳米纤维直径的变化;并综述了取向纳米纤维、中空纳米纤维、壳-核结构纳米纤维、纳米线、纳米带、纳米管及多层次结构纳米纤维的构建及其基本性能。最后对电纺制备图案化无机纳米纤维未来发展方向,特别是功能化多层次结构电纺无机纳米纤维制备进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Abstract The electrospinning technique has been regarded as the simplest and most effective techniques for massive fabrication of nanomaterials. Various inorganic micro- and nano-fibers have been successfully electrospun in recent years. These fibers can be amorphous, polycrystalline, dense, porous, or hollow. In this review, the fabrication of patterned inorganic nanofibers via electrospinning is presented. After a brief description of the setups for electrospinning, we choose to concentrate on the mechanisms and theoretical models that have been developed for electrospinning. It introduces electrohydrodynamic （EHD） theory that allows the prediction of organic fiber diameter. And the equation was revised in order to be applicable to most inorganic electrospinning systems, as well as have the ability to control the diameter and morphology. It reviews fabrication of aligned nanofibers by using different collectors such as a cylinder collector with high rotating speed, a thin wheel with sharp edge, a pair of split electrodes and the knife-edged counter-electrodes, and fabrication of hollow nanofibers by using sacrificial templates and coaxial electrospinning. At last, it reviews the functional hierarchical structured nanofibers prepared by in situ sol-gel and post-processing methods such as hydrothermal synthesis and chemical vapor deposition. Additionally, the future trends of these interesting patterned inorganic nanofibers, especially the functionalhierarchical structured nanofibers are outlooked.