中文摘要：

目的：探究早期游泳运动对哺乳期过度喂养肥胖大鼠（OF大鼠）内脏脂肪积累和食欲相关蛋白表达的长期影响，为运动防治哺乳期过度喂养型肥胖提供理论依据。方法：80只SD大鼠妊娠后第3天，随机选取22只母鼠孕期低强度游泳运动至分娩结束（10min／day，6days／week），其余安静至分娩。全部母鼠分娩后第2天随机调整每窝子鼠喂养数目为4只或10只，断乳后按体重配比随机抽取8只OF大鼠进行7周递增游泳运动，其余大鼠7周安静至取材。最终获得实验分组为，孕期安静＋断乳后7周安静正常喂养对照组（CNC2，n=8）、孕期安静＋断乳后7周安静OF组（CSC2，n=8）、孕期游泳运动＋断乳后7周安静OF组（KSC2，n=8）和孕期游泳运动＋断乳后7周游泳运动OF组（ESEl，n=8）。禁食后次日取材，采用免疫组化检测下丘脑弓状核NPY和POMC蛋白表达，放射免疫法测定血清in—sulin、leptin；酶化学法检测血糖和血脂；流式细胞术检测腹后壁脂肪细胞凋亡指数和脂肪细胞数目。结果：1）体成分和摄食量：整个幼龄期ESC2组体重、内脏脂肪垫重和摄食量与CSC2组相比差异不具显著性（P〉0．05）；ESE1组的体重、内脏脂肪垫重均显著低于CSC2组（P〈0．05）。2）血清指标：KSC2组的血清学指标与CSC2组相比差异均不具显著性（P〉0．05）；ESE1组FINS、IGR、leptin和TG指标均显著低于CSC2组OF大鼠（P〈0．05）。3）食欲肽：磷、E1组下丘脑弓状核NPY和POMC蛋白表达量显著高于（X2组（P〈0．01）；KSC2组和CSC2组NPY和POMC蛋白表达量相比差异不具显著性（P〉0．05）。4）脂肪细胞指标：与CSC2组相比，ESEl组腹后壁脂肪细胞凋亡指数显著升高（P〈0．01），脂肪细胞数目则显著降低（P〈0．01）；ESC2组腹后壁脂肪细胞凋亡指数和细胞数目与瞅：2组相比差异均无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论：单纯孕期低强

英文摘要：

Objective： To investigate whether early swimming exercise has long-term effects on the appetite peptides of hypothalamus and visceral fat accumulation in overfed rats. Methods： Total 80 SD pregnant rats were enrolled, among which 22 rats began swimming（ 10rain per day, 6days per week）from the 3rd day of pregnancy to delivery . The rest rats kept sedentary till delivery. The pups were distributed randomly and assigned to small litters （4 pups） and normal litters （10 pups） on the second day after birth. 8 overfed pups were randomly selected and assigned to swim 7-week graded swimming training after weanling, the rest kept sedenta- ry. Then we had 4 groups：the pregnancy sedentary＋ normal little control group （CNC2, n= 8）, the pregnancy sedentary＋ OF control group （ CSC2, n = 8）, the pregnancy swimming ＋ OF group （ESC2, n= 8）and pregnancy swimming ＋ post weanling 7wks swimming OF group （ESE1, n= 8）. At the 10 weeks of age the animals were starved overnight and were decapita ted in the next day. NPY and POMC in the arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus were analyzedwith immunohistochemistrical technique. The fasting serum insulin and leptin were assayed by radioimmunoassay, the fasting serum glucose and lipids were assayed by enzymatic methods u sing commercial kits. The apoptotic index and the number of adipocyte in retroperitoneal （RP） fat pad were detected by flow cytometric analysis. Results ： 1 ） Body composition and food con-sumption.. No significant （P〈0. 05） differences were found between the Group ESC2 and CSC2 （P〈0.05） with regard to the body weight,internal fat mass and the food consumption per day at the 10 weeks of age. The body weight, internal fat mass and the food consumption per day were significantly lower in Group ESE1 than that was in Group CSC2（P〈0.01）. 2） Serum parameters No significant （P〈0.05） differences were found between Group ESC2 and Group CSC2 with regard to the Serum parameters at the 10 weeks of age. The serum levels