中文摘要：

目的：探讨幼龄期游泳运动对大鼠成年后内脏脂肪量的影响，分析幼龄期运动对体成分的长期效应和生物学机制。方法：3周龄断乳雄性SD幼鼠随机分为对照组（C，不运动），运动3周组（E3，前3周运动，后6周不运动），运动9周组（E9，连续9周运动）。12周龄时取内脏脂肪垫称重，制备脂肪组织切片，用IPP软件统计400倍视野下脂肪细胞数目，ELISA法测定血清Leptin量；Rea1-timePCR测定脂肪组织Leptin、PPAR-y和TNF-a mRNA表达水平。结果：①12周龄时E9组大鼠体重、内脏脂肪垫重和脂体比均显著低于C组，E3组大鼠与C组体重差异无统计学意义。E3组内脏脂肪垫重和脂体比均显著低于c组，但与E9组比较差异无统计学意义。②E9组大鼠血清Leptin显著低于c组，E3组与C组血清Leptin比较差异无统计学意义，但显著高于E9组；③E9组-9E3组脂肪组织LeptinmRNA表达均低于C组。但TNF-a mRNA表达均高于C组。E9组脂肪组织PPAR-y mRNA表达低于C组，但E3组-9C组PPAR—Y mRNA表达差异无统计学意义。E9组脂肪组织Leptin、PPAR-y和TNF-a mRNA表达水平与E3组比较差异均无统计学意义。结论：幼龄期3周游泳运动使大鼠在12周龄时仍保持较低的体脂量．脂肪组织Leptin和TNF—a基因表达改变可能是其主要生物学机制。

英文摘要：

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of three-week swimming exercise after weaning on fat mass of adult rats and analyze the long-term effect of the exercise on body mass and its biological mechanism. Methods Weaning male SD rats were randomly assigned to three groups：control group （C）;exercise-trained nine weeks group （Eg） ; exercise-trained three weeks and rest six weeks group （E3）. At 12 weeks of age,visceral fat pads of rats were weighted. The number of adipocyte was observed by slice of adipose tissue used HE-staining Serum Leptin concentration was tested by ELISA. Expression level of Leptin,PPAR-y and TNF-a in adipose tissue was tested by Realtime PCR. Results （1） At 12 weeks of age,body weight,the weight of visceral fat pads and the ratio of fatto body of group E9 were lower than that of group C. Body weight was no significant difference between group E3 and group C. The ratio of fat to body of group E3 was lower than that of group C,and was no significant difference with group E9. （2） The serum Leptin concentration of group E9 was lower than that of group C and group E3. （3）Leptin mRNA expression in adipose tissue of group E9 and group E3 were lower than that of group C. Both group E9 and group E3 ,TNF-a mRNA expression in adipose tissue were higher than that of group C. PPAR-y mRNA expression in adipose tissue of group E9 was lower than that of group C. However there was no significant difference between group E3 and group C. There were no significant difference in the expression of Leptin, PPAR-yand TNF-a mRNA between group E3 and group Eg. Conclusion Three-week swimming after weaning could decrease the accumulations of the abdominal adipose tissue and the effect could maintain for 6 weeks. The underlying mechanism was that swimming exercise aroused the persistent change of Leptin and TNF-a mRNA expression levels in adipose tissue at teenager period.