中文摘要：

目的：研究运动训练和高脂膳食两种因素对雄性大鼠生长发育过程中及成年后脂肪细胞数目的影响。方法：4周龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为普通饮食和高脂膳食两组，每组再分两个亚组：安静组和运动组．即普通饮食安静组（C组），普通饮食运动组（E组），高脂膳食安静组（H组）和高脂膳食运动组（HE组）。采用游泳运动，每次60分钟开始，递增至90分钟，3次/周。分别在干预4周、8周、12周后取材。完整剥离内脏脂肪组织，制备石蜡切片，测定脂肪细胞直径，计算脂肪细胞总数。结果：①4周时，HE组内脏脂肪组织重量显著高于E组；8周时，E组显著低于C组；12周时，H组高于C组和HE组，E组显著低于C组和HE组。8周和12周时，各组内脏脂肪重量均显著高于其对应4周组；12周时，除E组外，其它3组均高于其对应8周组。②4周时，H组内脏脂肪细胞直径大于C组和HE组；8周时，H组大于C组；12周时，E组小于C组和HE组，HE组小于H组。8周和12周时各组内脏脂肪细胞体积均大于4周时，12周时C组、H组和HE组均大于8周时。③4周时，各组间大鼠内脏脂肪细胞数目差异均无统计学意义：8周时，E组小于C组和HE组；12周时，H组大于C组和HE组。C组8周时大于4周时；H组12周时大于4周和8周时。以上差异均具有统计学意义．P〈0．05或P〈0．01。结论：高脂膳食提高雄性大鼠发育期脂肪细胞数目。运动训练可减弱高脂膳食提高脂肪细胞数目的作用。

英文摘要：

Objective To study the effects of swimming training and high-fat diet on the adipocyte number of male rats in development period and adulthood. Methods Male SD rats were randomly assigned to group C （sedentary and fed with standard diet） , group H （sedentary and fed with high-fat diet） , group E （training and fed with standard diet）,and group HE （training and fed by high-fat diet）. 60min-swimming per day and 3 days per week was initiated at the same time as the diet,and increased progressively to 90 min/day. At the end of 4-, 8- and 12-week intervention, the fat issues were weighted and the pathological sections were prepared to determine the mean adipoeyte diameter and number. Results ① At the end of d-week intervention, the fat weight in group HE was higher than in group E; at the end of 8-week intervention,fat weight in group E was lower than in group C; and at the end of 12- week intervention, fat lower than groups C weight in group H was higher than in groups C and HE and HE. Fat weight in all groups after 12 and 8 weeks , meanwhile in group E was of intervention were higherthan that after 4-week intervention. Except group E,fat weight in other 3 groups after 12-week intervention were higher than after 8 weeks. There were statistical differences in above inter-group comparisons （P 〈 0.05 or 0.01 ）. ② Adipocyte mean diameter in group H was greater than in groups C and HE at the end of 4-week intervention,and was greater in group H than in group C at the end of 8 weeks,as well as was greater in group E than in groups C and HE at the end of 12-week intervention. Adipocyte mean diameter in group E was shorter than in groups C and HE, and was shorter in group HE than in group H. Adipoeyte diameter in 4 groups was greater after 8- and 12-week intervention than after 4-week intervention,and in group C,H and HE was greater after 12-week intervention than at the end of 8-week intervention. There were statistical differences in above inter-group comparisons （P 〈 0.05 or 0.01）. ③ Adipo